Sunday, August 25, 2013

Is technological progress leaving life behind?

“Technology is a good slave but a bad master”

Articles are not written these days. They are more likely “marketed” to their target readership. The typical English newspaper is not the target readership for this article that I am about to share with you.

At the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, where I studied nearly 15 years back, they do teach about the tale of two marketers who are both sent to a remote island where no one wears shoes. One of them comes back to report that it’s most unlikely that they shall ever buy shoes.

The other however sees a great opportunity in what she believes is a virgin market. With changing lifestyle and work routines, she pitches that each one of them is a potential customer now or later. That was an important lesson for me that I still steadfastly hold on to.

Another interesting thing happened a day after I sat to write down this article. An article titled “Techno-vision: Solving humanity’s grand challenges” (TOI, 18th Aug.’13) written by Silicon Valley evangelist Mr. Vivek Wadhwa appeared in the press the next day

This is a grandstanding article that firstly portends a scenario where the only kind of water may be left to drink or for potable uses is sewage water and such yucky water which will be “Slingshot” for an initial price of a few thousand dollars and electricity cost of one kilowatt for 30 litres. He forgets to mention a likely annual maintenance cost and the fact that human beings do not consume sanitized distilled water but natural mineral water. There is certain extra costs to be incurred if any company were to provide water of the same composition as natural mineral water from natural sources, that’s been available for a long time before we began to rapidly pollute river and ground water a few decades or so back. This also varies every 20kms. according to geo-climatic conditions.

He cites several such examples of how “artificial meat” for burgers are going to be manufactured in laboratories, how solar energy is going to be dirt cheap and with similar such pipe dreams of unlimited “free” energy, food is soon going to be unlimited with the help of advances in medicine, 3-D printing, artificial intelligence, robotics, and other fields. He does mention that there will be some problems but fails to learn again and again and again that many of his techno-wizardry driven solutions may be worse than the problems that they are targeting at.

Mr. Wadhwa and the cottage industry of such techno-evangelists that he belongs to are a third kind of marketer, who presume that we are all born with two left feet and that too, these are feet of the same size for everyone on the island. This echoes Henry Ford’s “any color of car as long as it’s black” over a century back. Haven’t we moved on! 
  
Technology today has pervaded every walk of our life. Motor cars, smart phones, Hi-definition television sets, blue ray audio, automatic washing machines, pressure cookers, microwave, oven, toaster and grill, digital cameras – they are no longer merely status symbols. Life seems so difficult to imagine without several or even one of these in the hustle-bustle of city life. What came as a surprise is how they are making way into the rural areas, as I experienced in a village stay near Wardha in Maharashtra, a town where Gandhi started his experiments with Gram Udyog or Village Industries, 75 years back.

There are essentially two kinds of technologies. One is Wadhwa’s technology which is built on lies, cunning and videotapes. That’s conducted in the “Closed Source” confines of the office and the laboratory. This may be initially developed by entrepreneurs as Mr. Wadhwa is quick to point out, but is soon controlled by a handful of corporate in a remote location. The work is mostly done in uniform air-conditioned ambience that defies the wide diversity of geo-climatic conditions around the world. This also therefore leaves behind so much of “grey goo” that Mr. Wadhwa perils at, before he starts belting out another set of his techno-solutions that will create an even worse kind of grey goo and even faster. This may be lucrative for him but comes at a great cost to the humanity today and more so for our children and future generations.

The other is Gandhi’s technology on which the Gram Swaraj model is based. This is “Open Source” technology that’s built on truth, perseverance and a sharing of knowledge without any barriers. This will also be developed by entrepreneurs but not in the closed confines of the office and the laboratory, but in the open fields around the world with its diverse geo-climatic conditions. Unlike Wadhwa’s technology which seeks to first dirty and then purify water, Gandhi’s technology gets down to the field and assesses the sources of water pollution. The polluter must clean up the water before releasing it in the open. If it cannot it must close down.

Next, Gandhi’s technology seek to tap all natural sources of water including rainwater and explore ways of storing them so that they are available throughout the year. Ponds and wells are made at appropriate locations and of sizes guided by the topography of the place.

It even deploys practices such as reducing the use of water in washing in certain months, which coincides with the holiday season for the local washer-families. By keeping the village well a little away from the house block, it also developed camaraderie among the water carrying folks. The use of earthen pots also ensured that there is good handling of water besides their sanitizing properties, unlike plastic pots that are in use today. This also creates the market for the local potter-entrepreneur. In the winter months, water is stored in copper or brass pots which beneficiates the water in those seasons. Water is also stored in storage bags made of dead animal’s skin which was suitable for irrigation and even for drinking in some areas. This also created a market for the local cobbler-entrepreneur.

On the whole, clean natural mineral water with great quality and purity is made available throughout the year. This is strictly not sold even as its storage and upkeep generated plentiful of market for entrepreneurs who are paid in local currencies, in grains or other useful or aesthetic stuff that they may need. They didn’t have to ask for a return. People gift each other as honor and in dignity of their service for each other. The houses are designed in such a way that water is accessible to any passer-by who may need it.   

Wake up Mr. Wadhwa and all other techno-blinded folks and get your PET “mineral water” checked. It may be missing a statutory warning that water stored in plastic bottles for a length may be carcinogenic. In several tests they have even been found to be more contaminated than the local tap water. What else have you been drinking?   

Are we already so blinded by technology to see how Mr. Wadhwa’s “techno-vision” technology blinds us?

Chandra Vikash is a management consultant and social activist. He is an engineer from IIT Kharagpur and MBA from IIM Calcutta. He can be reached at chandra.vikash@gmail.com.


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